The article discusses the main tendencies and issues of human resources development in PRC. The author analyzes the human resource indicators of this country: population and its natural increase, literacy and unemployment rates, Human Development Index, population age structure etc. The main ethno-psychological features of PRC citizens are described. At the end of the article, the author suggests his recommendations on improving HR management policy at the modern stage of social and economic development of PRC. The article may be helpful to students, postgraduates, young scientists, professors of World Economy, and any people who study social and economic processes in Chine, including the issues of comprehensive assessment of human resources in this country, HR management in the Chinese labor market, development of human resources potential and harmonization of their structure.