Zvolinskiy V.P., Zvolinskaya O.V., Matveeva N.I., Aleksandrova T.I.Published in:
Russian Journal of Labor Economics
– Volume 5, Number 1 (January-March 2018)

JEL classification: J43, Q13, Q16

Keywords: agricultural production, arid territories, knowledge, labor productivity, rural labor market, rural social sphere, scientific potential


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Abstract:

The purpose of the study is to assess the scientific potential in the formation of the rural labor market, social and economic development of rural areas. The article presents a statistical analysis of market participants and producers in Russia. More than 70 % of the territory of our country is characterized by a low level of comfort for living and almost unsuitable for agriculture. The market and private ownership of land causes widening of the gap between the rich and the poor, unemployment and unequal payment, that lead to social illnesses in society, including increase in crime. In solving the problems of development of the rural labor market and rural areas, a special place should be given to the development of intellectual and scientific potential, the presence and reproduction of labor and information resources. Science is a decisive factor in the development of the economy and society, and is a natural consequence of scientific and technological revolution. Over the past two decades, high-tech industries have increased the volume of production. But innovation-driven industries have the greatest potential for development, when innovation and adaptability to the market are new sources of competitive advantage. The analysis shows that today the share of new technologies account for up to 85 % of gross domestic product growth in advanced market economies. Russia's share in the total volume of the world market of high-tech products is only 0,3 %. The economic status of the agro-industrial complex, a sharp decline in production, deterioration of the material and technical base and a decrease in the level of equipment with energy capacities, a significant reduction in financial capital have led to significant social and labor problems in rural areas.

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