The article studies the processes and factors of socio-economic development of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. We consider trends in the practice of searching for the mechanism of regional development within the framework of the implementation of targeted public policy. The article provides a holistic picture of relationship between the opportunities for socio-economic development of regions and the state strategy of spatial development of Russia, which provides for the implementation of targeted programs that can lead to structural changes in production, transport, resettlement, environmental management and ecology. At the same time, infrastructure projects, namely, energy, transport, communications, should be implemented first because they create the necessary conditions for any economic activity in the region. The article is devoted to the identification of regional development opportunities on the basis of infrastructure factors as a necessary condition for expanded industrial production based on intensive development of natural resources throughout the region, which makes it possible to shift from an export-raw to an innovative and high-tech economy that allows expanding the location of import-substituting industries, stimulating the production of competitive products and creating thousands of new jobs. The article presents material which is of interest for people taking a professional interest in the problems of regional economy.
Highlights:
• Correction of imbalance in the development of regional economy of the Russian Federation has been one of the constant problematic issues on the agenda of the country's leaders for almost the last thirty years
• The problems of regional development are a reflection of a historically formed spatial heterogeneity of the Russian economy.
• The problems of the formation of federal and regional budgets, as well as subsidies and other transfers, are not only economic, but also political.
• In fact, all regions of the Russian Federation from the point of view of budgetary relations are divided into donor regions and recipient regions, i.e. subsidized regions.
• The system of fiscal federalism operating in the Russian Federation does not stimulate the processes of regional development.
• Reversal of negative trends and creation of opportunities for regional development can be implemented only within the framework of the state strategy of spatial development of Russia.
• Infrastructure projects, namely, energy, transport, communications, should be implemented first because they create the necessary conditions for any economic activity in the region.
• The infrastructure ensures the unity of the economic space, the complexity of the development and functioning of the country's economy at its various levels.
• The main task for the next six or more years is defined as the implementation of the strategy of spatial development of Russia, the basis of which is to ensure the “connectivity” of the country for which it is necessary to literally “wrap un” the entire territory of Russia with modern communications based on transport infrastructure.
•In a special way, the President of Russia emphasized the need for advanced modernization of the BAM and Transsib for the formation of Eurasian cross-cutting transport corridors and creation of conditions for the development of adjacent regions to these highways.
• Railway transport is a powerful infrastructure factor for the integrated development of adjacent areas, especially if this is provided in advance by the concept of the development of the highway itself.
• The development of basic production, territorial division of labor and specialization of the region, regular stable communication of settlements, creation of new jobs for the able-bodied population and intensive settlement of mainland territories are ensured with the purposeful advance development of rail transport on the territory of the region.
• Prospects for socio-economic development of RF regions are inseparably linked with the possibilities of implementing the Country's Spatial Development Strategy, which, under the direct order of the President of Russia, is the primary task of the Government.
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