The first decade of the XXI century was a turning point in the development of Russian civilization, as they started to overcome the lowest point of the 400-year cycle. In this period, the separate significant growth points and centripetal tendencies are gradually picking up, but in the context growing confrontation with Western countries, there is a need to quickly create conditions for positive changes on a broad front. To do this, it is necessary to fully utilize the integral factor of governance, and above all, such a powerful source of independent development of Russia, as cooperation between the state and business, organized into various types of associations, chambers and unions with the aim of operational self-management of the economy and interaction with the state in the formation and economic and social policy. The article analyzes historical experience of operational self-government of Russian economy by business unions, which was too short-lived in the period of capitalism of the XIX-XX centuries in Russia; we also analyze the current problems and prospects for cooperation between the Russian state and organized business. The author analyzes German experience of using the potential of business unions and their interaction with state institutions at critical moments in German history, in particular, their role in the formation of the German market, the political unification of Germany and the transformation of the country into one of the leading world industrial powers of the early twentieth century. This allows us to draw conclusions regarding the prospects for cooperation between the Russian state and Russian business associations. It is necessary to revive and use as soon as possible the potential for ensuring effective controllability of the Russian economy, unfulfilled since 1917, namely, broad self-organization of economic entities in various associations and their operational self-management of the economy with an active guiding and strategic role of the State. Russian state is advisable to provide full support to the establishment of chambers of commerce and industry, unions of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, and agricultural unions, bearing in mind that due to a number of circumstances, self-government in Russian economy should be initiated from above, and Russian business should accelerate the process of consolidating the national representation of the entrepreneurs’ interests in order to coordinate the impact of the country's business circles on the economic and social policies of the State.
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