The author of the article describes the methods of entrepreneurship development for the purpose of activating the internal factors of the Russian economics, since one of the main tasks at the present stage is to increase the share of the small and medium-sized businesses in GDP to the level of developed and developing economics. The purpose of the research is to perform a quality analysis of profitability by a subject of small and medium enterprises and the analysis of the existing methods of entrepreneurship development and support. Two development systems have been analyzed: research funds and mittelstand. The practical meaning of this research is represented by the results of the quality analysis dedicated to the investment attractiveness of the small and medium-sized businesses in Russia and by conclusions about the efficiency of the use of the mechanism of the research funds as a driver for the development of the sector of private investments and entrepreneurship.