In the post-crisis period, which will begin after the year of 2012, the rapid growth of the world diamond market is forecasted. In this regard, and taking into consideration the new concepts of government documents, the authors suggest to transform the “ALROSA” JSC in a state corporation. This will allow, on the one hand, to use more effectively the bosom wealth of the Russian land and improve the competitiveness of the Russian diamond complex, and, on the other - to take active measures for strengthening the national security and anti-terrorist actions.