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Factors of internationalization of Russian start-ups and use of crowdsourcing to attract resources


Bakalenko A.V.
(about the author)

Bakalenko Andrey Vladimirovich – (Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences)

Published in:
Russian Journal of Entrepreneurship
– Volume 19, Number 2 (February 2018)

JEL classification: M13, O19, O31

Keywords: crowdsourcing, entrepreneurship, innovation, internationalization


Citation:
Bakalenko A.V. (2018). Factors of internationalization of Russian start-ups and use of crowdsourcing to attract resources. Russian Journal of Entrepreneurship, 19(2), 483-506. doi: 10.18334/rp.19.2.38777


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Abstract:

This work is devoted to the search for incentives and barriers for Russian small innovative enterprises (start-ups) to expand into the US market. The US innovation market is key for companies around the world, so it is so important to focus on it, and identifying drivers for start-ups in Russia will allow us to develop the system of measures to increase the number of innovative enterprises in our country. To obtain data, an approach consisting of three key components was selected: 1) a review of the literature already available on the subject; 2) conducting interviews with the leaders of such enterprises for obtaining qualitative results; 3) conducting a survey to obtain quantitative results. Using this technique, we synthesized key incentives for Russian start-ups for internationalization. They are as follows: the size of the market, the size and level of development of the venture capital industry, the unsatisfactory environment for entrepreneurs in Russia, the strong and attractive brand of the Silicon Valley, and the level of maturity of consumers in the market. All these factors are external to the company's own environment, since they are caused by forces that are beyond the direct influence of companies. This observation can be regarded as very surprising, since, most studies show that the motivation for internationalization lies within firms. We conclude that entrepreneurs who are actively working at the international level are more focused on the external environment than on their internal factors, and internal features are considered not as incentives, but as self-evident prerequisites. In addition, we analyzed a new generation of companies that rely on crowdsourcing as an alternative way to attract resources and access to international markets and believe that this tool can stimulate the emergence of companies of a new generation.








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