The article analyzes the system of factors and indicators that characterize competitiveness of a high-tech industrial company at different management levels. For evaluation of a company’s competitiveness conducted for certain groups of subjects concerned, a lot of evaluation indicators can include both a single group of indicators belonging to the single classification type and the aggregate of indicators of various groups. It is shown that the problem of preserving competitive positions in the world is especially relevant for Russia as the factors that ensure future growth of competitiveness are being lost.