The article reveals the main reasons for coming into being in the Russian economy such form of organization as a state corporation. The author emphasizes the need to develop very large corporations to make Russian high-tech products reach large segments of the world market. The author points out the weakness of mechanisms for monitoring tasks consistent with the objectives of establishing state corporations. She explains the need for working out effective corporate management methods which are applicable in the structures of such scale and take into account specific features of the Russian market.